Basic Informations

C.V

Name: Ibrahim Kamal Eid Muawad
 Position: Teaching Assistant, Department of Arabic Language and Literature
 Bachelor's degree with honors from the Department of Arabic Language and Literature.
  He obtained a master's degree from the Department of Arabic Language and Literature with an excellent grade
He obtained a doctorate degree from the Department of Arabic Language and Literature with an excellent grade and first class honors

Master Title

Meter and Rhythm Techniques and their Functions in Mahmoud Sami Al-Baroudi`s Poetry

Master Abstract

Literary language is different from speech language. The latter is far from being purely declarative, as it has an expressive side to it. It is characterized by the speaker’s tone or the author’s approach. As a matter of fact, the difference between poetic language and speech language doesn’t lie in meaning, but rather in the form and wordings which the poet uses to express the meaning. How the poet express the meaning does not only distinguish between poet language and speech language, but contribute to showing the quality of poetry which is not defined by the meaning that the poet wants to express, but rather by how he expresses it. Therefore this study, titled “Meter and Rhythm Techniques and their Functions in Mahmoud Sami Al-Baroudi`s Poetry”, was conducted. This study consists of an introduction, a preamble, three chapters and a conclusion. The Introduction covers the study’s topic, the importance of the topic, reasons for choosing this topic, study’s approach and previous studies. The Preamble is about Mahmoud Sami Al-Baroudi, his poetry, the difference between poetic and speech languages and meaning of stylistic study. Chapter One includes poetic meters and rhyme. Chapter Two includes leonine rhyme (Al-Tasree), repeated leonine rhyme (Al-Tasree Al-Mustanaaf) and rhyme (Al-Tarsee). Chapter Three includes Al-Zafaat, Al-Elaal, poetic necessities, Al-Tadweer and Al-Tadmeen. The Conclusion covers the most important results, some of which are that Al-Zafaat and Al-Elaal in Al-Baroudi’s works are not related to a certain purpose or meaning. Al-Baroudi has used poetic necessities, Al-Tadweer, Al-Tadmeen, leonine rhyme (Al-Tasree), repeated leonine rhyme (Al-Tasree Al-Mustanaaf) and rhyme (Al-Tarsee) for purposes other than reinforcing the general rhythm of the poem, such as expressing certain meanings. Looking at the poetic meters that Al-Baroudi has used, we find that he followed the same ones that the ancient poets used, and looking at his usage of the alphabet as a narration, we find that he is consistent with the Arabic poetry in general…

PHD Title

Rhythmic Composition in the Poetry of "Badawy Al-Jabal"

PHD Abstract

Abstract: Literary Language differs from Ordinary Language because the former is far from being purely reportorial; rather, it possesses its own expressive dimension, carrying with it the speaker's tone, the orientation of the author who composes it, or the stylistic approach of the litterateur in articulating their experience. Since Literary Language is distinct from Ordinary Language, it naturally follows that Poetic Language also differs from Ordinary Language. In fact, the difference between Poetic Language and Ordinary Language is not rooted in meaning itself, for Ordinary Language conveys meaning just as Poetic Language does. Rather, the difference lies in Form, Formulation, and Style through which the poet expresses their meaning. This manner -by which the poet expresses their meaning- is not restricted to merely distinguishing between Poetic Language and Ordinary Language; rather, it contributes to determining the quality of the poetry. The quality of poetry is not determined solely by the meaning the poet expresses, but also by the manner through which they express it. This is one aspect. From another aspect, this manner differentiates one poet from another. Hence, this study is entitled: "Rhythmic Composition in the Poetry of "Badawy Al-Jabal” (A Stylistic Study). The study is comprised of: an Introduction, a Preface, four Chapters, and a Conclusion; structured as follows: Introduction addresses the study's problem, the significance of the subject, the reasons for its selection, the study's methodology, and previous studies. As for Preface, it is devoted to discussing the life and poetry of the poet Badawy Al-Jabal, and the concept of stylistic study. Chapter I is entitled: "The Composition of Poetic Meters in the Poetry of Badawy Al-Jabal." Chapter II is entitled: "The Composition of Rhyme in the Poetry of Badawy Al-Jabal." Chapter III is entitled: "The Composition of Internal Rhythm in the Poetry of Badawy Al-Jabal." Chapter IV is entitled: "Analysis of the Poem "Al-Bolbel Al- Gareab" Conclusion presents a summary of the most important findings reached by the study, along with the recommendations. Among the findings reached by the study is that the poet “Badawy Al-Jabal” followed the path of the ancients in employing the common poetic meters. The meter most frequently used by him is “Al-Kamil”, which is also among the most prevalent meters in classical poetry, ranking second after “Al-Tawil”. The rhyme collaborates with the meter in his poetry to produce the external rhythm, varying between Absolute and Restricted. Although the poet was conservative, he introduced innovations in the use of rhyme; the rhymes in some of his poems were diverse, using more than one rhyme letter within a single poem, while ensuring that each verse had its own distinct rhyme, differing from the other verses within the same poem. This constitutes a Renewal within the conservative framework of the Classical poem. In addition to external rhythm, Badawy Al-Jabal also paid attention to internal rhythm in his poems. Its elements appeared clearly, such as: Tasri‘, Tarsi‘, Epanalepsis, and repetition. The study recommended several points, including the necessity of paying careful attention to the study of prosody, approaching it in light of modern curricula and contemporary theories, and not regarding it merely as rigid rules. It emphasized the importance of linking the poet’s use of meters and rhymes to his poetic doctrine, whether it followed a conservative approach or one of Renewal. It advocated viewing the tools of rhythm as an expression of the poet’s artistic experience, rather than mere formal templates. The study also underscored the necessity of attending to both internal and external rhythm, and establishing connections between them in terms of shared characteristics and functions. Furthermore, it recommended expanding the study of the semantic functions of both internal and external rhythmic tools, alongside their direct rhythmic function.